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Coastal Conservation

A practical directory of official programs protecting coastlines, wetlands, estuaries, reefs, fisheries habitat, and Great Lakes shores across the United States.

30 coastal states · Official sources reviewed July 10, 2026

United States

Federal conservation efforts

These national programs fund restoration, coordinate state coastal management, protect significant waters, and give communities tools to conserve habitat.

National Coastal Zone Management Program

NOAA's partnership with coastal and Great Lakes states supports enforceable coastal policies, habitat protection, public access, resilience, and responsible development.

Visit NOAA Coastal Management

NOAA Habitat Conservation

Restoration and fish-passage work rebuilds wetlands, oyster reefs, rivers, and other habitats important to fisheries and coastal communities.

Explore habitat conservation

National Estuarine Research Reserves

A network of protected estuaries advances long-term research, monitoring, education, and stewardship in partnership with states.

Explore the reserve system

NOAA Marine Debris Program

National prevention, removal, research, and response work addresses lost fishing gear, plastics, and other debris in coastal and marine environments.

Visit the Marine Debris Program

Coral Reef Conservation Program

NOAA coordinates coral monitoring, restoration, sustainable fisheries, pollution reduction, and resilience work in U.S. reef jurisdictions.

Visit NOAA Coral Reef Conservation

National Marine Sanctuary System

Marine and Great Lakes sanctuaries protect nationally significant ecosystems, wildlife, cultural resources, and opportunities for responsible recreation.

Explore marine sanctuaries

Coastal Wetlands Conservation Grants

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service supports state projects that acquire, restore, and protect coastal wetlands and connected fish and wildlife habitat.

View the grant program

Great Lakes Restoration Initiative

Federal agencies and regional partners restore habitat, address pollution, combat invasive species, and protect Great Lakes communities.

Visit the GLRI

State coastal programs

Alabama

AL
Gulf Coast

The Alabama Coastal Area Management Program coordinates wetlands protection, public access, coastal cleanup, grants, and community resilience in Mobile and Baldwin counties.

Alaska

AK
Arctic & Pacific

Alaska does not currently participate in NOAA's voluntary coastal-zone program. Its Fish and Game habitat program protects watersheds, anadromous streams, and coastal and marine habitat.

California

CA
Pacific Coast

The California State Coastal Conservancy protects and restores coastal lands and waters, expands public access, and supports climate-resilient shoreline projects.

Connecticut

CT
Long Island Sound

Connecticut's program balances shoreline use with protection of tidal wetlands, water quality, coastal habitat, public access, and the Long Island Sound ecosystem.

Delaware

DE
Mid-Atlantic

Delaware's statewide coastal program coordinates habitat protection, coastal planning, resilience, public access, and management of sensitive shore resources.

Florida

FL
Atlantic & Gulf Coasts

Florida's networked program connects state agencies working on wetlands, reefs, beaches, estuaries, water quality, habitat restoration, and coastal resilience.

Georgia

GA
South Atlantic

Georgia's Coastal Resources Division manages tidal waters and marshes while supporting habitat conservation, resilient communities, public access, and research.

Hawaii

HI
Central Pacific

Hawaii's whole-state coastal program coordinates ocean-resource protection, shoreline planning, public access, hazard resilience, and stewardship of island ecosystems.

Illinois

IL
Lake Michigan

Illinois protects and enhances Lake Michigan habitats and clean water through coastal grants, clean-marina work, shoreline planning, and resilient-community support.

Indiana

IN
Lake Michigan

Indiana's Lake Michigan Coastal Program supports habitat conservation, nonpoint-pollution control, coastal grants, local planning, education, and public access.

Louisiana

LA
Gulf Coast

Louisiana's Coastal Master Plan guides large-scale wetland, barrier-island, sediment, flood-risk, and community-resilience projects across its working coast.

Maine

ME
North Atlantic

The Maine Coastal Program supports resilient communities, healthy coastal habitats, sustainable working waterfronts, public access, planning, and science.

Maryland

MD
Chesapeake Bay & Atlantic

Maryland's Chesapeake and Coastal Program advances wetland and shoreline restoration, nature-based resilience, coastal planning, water quality, and habitat protection.

Massachusetts

MA
North Atlantic

The Office of Coastal Zone Management leads ocean planning, habitat and water-quality work, shoreline resilience, technical assistance, and public stewardship.

Michigan

MI
Great Lakes

Michigan's program conserves dunes, wetlands, shorelands, and submerged lands while helping coastal communities improve public access and resilience.

Minnesota

MN
Lake Superior

Minnesota's Lake Superior Coastal Program supports habitat, water quality, public access, community planning, coastal hazards work, and locally led projects.

Mississippi

MS
Gulf Coast

Mississippi manages coastal wetlands, permitting, coastal ecology, water quality, restoration, and barrier-island resources through its marine-resources agency.

New Hampshire

NH
North Atlantic & Great Bay

New Hampshire's coastal program coordinates estuary protection, water quality, coastal resilience, habitat, community planning, and public participation.

New Jersey

NJ
Mid-Atlantic

New Jersey's program coordinates coastal habitat, wetlands, water quality, public access, pollution control, shoreline planning, and climate resilience.

New York

NY
Atlantic & Great Lakes

New York's program protects coastal resources through statewide policies, local waterfront revitalization, estuary planning, habitat work, and shoreline monitoring.

North Carolina

NC
South Atlantic

The Division of Coastal Management protects estuaries, beaches, dunes, wetlands, and public access through planning, reserves, grants, and Coastal Area Management Act programs.

Ohio

OH
Lake Erie

Ohio's program coordinates Lake Erie coastal planning, habitat and wetland conservation, public access, shoreline management, and community assistance.

Oregon

OR
Pacific Coast

Oregon's networked program guides estuary and shoreline planning, habitat protection, coastal hazards work, ocean resources, and responsible development.

Pennsylvania

PA
Lake Erie & Delaware Estuary

Pennsylvania supports habitat restoration, public access, water quality, resilience, and local coastal projects in its Lake Erie and Delaware Estuary zones.

Rhode Island

RI
North Atlantic & Narragansett Bay

The Coastal Resources Management Council protects wetlands, beaches, water quality, habitat, public access, and working waterfronts while planning for coastal change.

South Carolina

SC
South Atlantic

South Carolina's program protects tidal wetlands, beaches, dunes, estuaries, water quality, and coastal habitat through planning, permitting, and stewardship.

Texas

TX
Gulf Coast

Texas coordinates dune, wetland, erosion, water-quality, habitat, public-access, and coastal-resilience work through grants and state coastal policies.

Virginia

VA
Chesapeake Bay & Atlantic

Virginia's networked program coordinates wetlands, fisheries, dunes and beaches, water quality, habitat restoration, public access, and coastal resilience.

Washington

WA
Pacific Coast & Salish Sea

Washington's program combines shoreline planning, habitat protection, water quality, coastal-hazard work, federal consistency, and community participation.

Wisconsin

WI
Lakes Michigan & Superior

Wisconsin's program supports Great Lakes habitat, water quality, coastal resilience, public access, local planning, and community-led conservation through grants.